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BTech Tuition > Learn Basic Mechanical Engineering > Why density of Ice is lesser than water?
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Why density of Ice is lesser than water?

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The main reason why the density of ice is lesser than that of water is because of its crystal structure. Four hydrogen atoms tetrahedrally surround each oxygen atom in the ice. Two of the hydrogen atoms are linked to each other by a covalent bond and lie closer to the oxygen atom. The other two hydrogen...
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The main reason why the density of ice is lesser than that of water is because of its crystal structure. 

  • Four hydrogen atoms tetrahedrally surround each oxygen atom in the ice. 
  • Two of the hydrogen atoms are linked to each other by a covalent bond and lie closer to the oxygen atom.
  •  The other two hydrogen atoms are linked to the central atom, and away from the oxygen atom.
  •  In the ice, the oxygen atoms are located in the corners in the shape of a tetrahedron. Due to this, the arrangement of the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the solid-state (ice) extends in 3 dimension. 
  • The hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen and oxygen atoms are longer than the covalent bonds between the atoms in water are not packed close to one another. This results in vacant spaces in the crystal structure. 
  • This results in a larger volume of ice, for the given mass of water. Hence the density of ice will appear lower than the density of water for the same mass. 
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The density of ice is 0.9167 g/cm3 at 0 °C, whereas water has a density of 0.9998 g/cm³ at the same temperature. Liquid water is densest, essentially 1.00 g/cm³, at 4 °C and becomes less dense as the water molecules begin to form the hexagonal crystals of ice as the freezing point is reached.
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No, the density of ice is almost the same as the density of water. If the density of ice will be lower, then it will float on water but never floats or sinks in water; ice partially sinks in water. Moreover, ice has a cage-like structure, and it has empty spaces inside it. :)
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Cosmetic Dental Surgeon & Medical Tutor

Dear Bitu, In Simple and easy words:- 1. As water is boiled, kinetic energy causes the hydrogen bonds to break completely and allows water molecules to escape into the air as gas (steam or water vapour). 2. When water freezes, water molecules form a crystalline structure maintained by hydrogen bonding. 3....
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Dear Bitu, In Simple and easy words:- 1. As water is boiled, kinetic energy causes the hydrogen bonds to break completely and allows water molecules to escape into the air as gas (steam or water vapour). 2. When water freezes, water molecules form a crystalline structure maintained by hydrogen bonding. 3. Solid water, or ice, is less dense than liquid water. 4. Ice is less dense than water because the orientation of hydrogen bonds causes molecules to push farther apart, which lowers the density. 5.For other liquids, solidification when the temperature drops includes the lowering of kinetic energy, which allows molecules to pack more tightly and makes the solid denser than its liquid form. 6.Hydrogen bonding makes ice less dense than liquid water. The lattice structure of ice makes it less dense than the freely flowing molecules of liquid water, enabling it to float on water. If you think i provide you desired answers regarding your question asked above then please don't forget to give your valuable reviews on my "Urban pro wall (ID)". For further information my contact no. and mail ID is also mentioned there. And Please Don't hesitate to ask your doubts (or) queries regrading your studies. I Always feel happy to help other students. To Follow me my Instagram ID is "dr.basuofficial.psychic". Yours Friendly Dr. Basant Ramawat read less
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As we know, density is mass per unit volume, so the suppose water having volume V and the mass of water is M.Now when we freeze the same amount of water, when water is converted into ice, some amount of air will trap inside the ice pores. So the overall volume of ice increases V+ V'. Where V' is the...
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As we know, density is mass per unit volume, so the suppose water having volume V and the mass of water is M.
Now when we freeze the same amount of water, when water is converted into ice, some amount of air will trap inside the ice pores. So the overall volume of ice increases V+ V'. Where V' is the volume of gas inside pores of ice.
So density is inversely proportional to volume. In our case, the volume of ice is more than the volume of water. That's why the overall density of ice is lesser than the water.

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The ice has more intermolecular space than water therefore ice has less volume than water.
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“Empowering students to reach their full potential”

Water is unusual in that its maximum density occurs as a liquid, rather than as a solid. This means ice floats on water.
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When water freezes, water molecules form a crystalline structure maintained by hydrogen bonding. Solid water, or ice, is less dense than liquid water. Ice is less dense than water because the orientation of hydrogen bonds causes molecules to push farther apart, which lowers the density.
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Simple, It's the Volume which is directly proportional to the weight of substance. Hope this helps you understand. Thanks!
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When water freezes, water molecules form a crystalline structure maintained by hydrogen bonding. Solid water, or ice, is less dense than liquid water. Ice is less dense than water because the orientation of hydrogen bonds causes molecules to push farther apart, which lowers the density.
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