State initiatives-
- Reservation of seats in state and central legislatures
- Reservation of jobs in government services
- Reservation of seats in educational institutions
- Abolition of Untouchability – Article 17
- Caste Disabilities Removal Act 1850
- Scheduled Castes and Scheduled tribes (Prevention of Atrocities Act) 1989
Non-state initiatives – (movements and struggles)
- In pre-independence time efforts made by Jyotibha Phule, Periyar, Ambedkar and others
- In contemporary times efforts made by political organisations like Bahujan Samaj Party in UP, Dalit Sangharsh Samiti of Karnataka
- Literary contributions creating Dalit awareness specially in Marathi, Tamil Kannada Telugu and Hindi