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Principle of Mathematical Induction Lessons
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Post a LessonAnswered on 11/02/2022 Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Mathematics/Unit-II: Algebra/Principle of Mathematical Induction
Ved Prakash
i have taught maths over 10,000 students from my 10years experience& PG from Kanpur University
Let P(n):2
n
>n
When n=1,2
1
>1.Hence P(1) is true.
Assume that P(k) is true for any positive integer k,i.e.,
2
k
>k
we shall now prove that P(k+1) is true whenever P(k) is true.
Multiplying both sides of (1) by 2, we get
2.2
k
>2k
i.e., 2
k+1
>2k
k+k>k+1
∴2
k+1
>k+1
read lessAnswered on 11/02/2022 Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Mathematics/Unit-II: Algebra/Principle of Mathematical Induction
Ved Prakash
i have taught maths over 10,000 students from my 10years experience& PG from Kanpur University
Let P(n): 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + (2n - 1) = n
2
be the given statement
Step 1: Put n = 1
Then, L.H.S = 1
R.H.S = (1)
2
= 1
∴. L.H.S = R.H.S.
⇒ P(n) istrue for n = 1
Step 2: Assume that P(n) istrue for n = k.
∴ 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + (2k - 1) = k
2
Adding 2k + 1 on both sides, we get
1 + 3 + 5 ..... + (2k - 1) + (2k + 1) = k
2
+ (2k + 1) = (k + 1)
2
∴ 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + (2k -1) + (2(k + 1) - 1) = (k + 1)
2
⇒ P(n) is true for n = k + 1.
∴ by the principle of mathematical induction P(n) is true for all natural numbers 'n'
Hence, 1 + 3 + 5 + ..... + (2n - 1) =n
2
, for all n ϵ n
read lessAnswered on 14 Apr Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Mathematics/Unit-II: Algebra/Principle of Mathematical Induction
Nazia Khanum
Certainly! Let's prove the given statement using the Principle of Mathematical Induction.
Base Case: For n=1n=1, 1×1!=(1+1)!−1=2!−1=2−1=11×1!=(1+1)!−1=2!−1=2−1=1 So, the base case holds true.
Inductive Step: Assume the given statement is true for some arbitrary natural number kk. That is, assume 1×1!+2×2!+3×3!+⋯+k×k!=(k+1)!−11×1!+2×2!+3×3!+⋯+k×k!=(k+1)!−1
We need to show that the statement holds true for k+1k+1. So, let's consider: 1×1!+2×2!+3×3!+⋯+k×k!+(k+1)×(k+1)!1×1!+2×2!+3×3!+⋯+k×k!+(k+1)×(k+1)!
Now, we can rewrite (k+1)×(k+1)!(k+1)×(k+1)! as (k+1)!(k+1)!. So,
Answered on 14 Apr Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Mathematics/Unit-II: Algebra/Principle of Mathematical Induction
Nazia Khanum
Certainly! Let's solve this using the principle of mathematical induction.
First, we'll prove the base case: when n=1n=1.
We have: 1(1+1)(2⋅1+1)=1⋅2⋅3=61(1+1)(2⋅1+1)=1⋅2⋅3=6
So, n(n+1)(2n+1)n(n+1)(2n+1) is divisible by 6 when n=1n=1.
Now, let's assume that n(n+1)(2n+1)n(n+1)(2n+1) is divisible by 6 for some arbitrary positive integer kk, i.e., k(k+1)(2k+1)k(k+1)(2k+1) is divisible by 6.
Next, we'll prove the inductive step: we'll show that if it holds for kk, it also holds for k+1k+1.
We have: (k+1)((k+1)+1)(2(k+1)+1)(k+1)((k+1)+1)(2(k+1)+1) =(k+1)(k+2)(2k+3)=(k+1)(k+2)(2k+3)
Expanding this expression: =(k+1)(k+2)(2k+3)=(k+1)(k+2)(2k+3) =(k(k+1)(2k+1))+6(k+1)=(k(k+1)(2k+1))+6(k+1)
Since we assumed k(k+1)(2k+1)k(k+1)(2k+1) is divisible by 6, and 6(k+1)6(k+1) is obviously divisible by 6, the entire expression is divisible by 6.
Therefore, by the principle of mathematical induction, n(n+1)(2n+1)n(n+1)(2n+1) is divisible by 6 for all nn belonging to the set of natural numbers.
And if you need further help or clarification, feel free to reach out on UrbanPro.
Answered on 14 Apr Learn CBSE/Class 11/Science/Mathematics/Unit-II: Algebra/Principle of Mathematical Induction
Nazia Khanum
As a seasoned tutor registered on UrbanPro, I've had the privilege of guiding numerous students through their mathematical journeys. When it comes to the first principle of mathematical induction, it serves as a fundamental tool in proving statements about integers. UrbanPro's online coaching platform provides an ideal environment for delving into this concept.
The first principle of mathematical induction states that if a statement is true for some initial integer (usually n=1n=1 or n=0n=0), and if it is also true for any arbitrary integer kk, assuming it is true for kk, then it must be true for the next consecutive integer, k+1k+1. This principle essentially forms the backbone of many mathematical proofs, particularly those involving sequences and series.
With UrbanPro's comprehensive resources and interactive online sessions, I find it rewarding to help students grasp the essence of mathematical concepts like the first principle of mathematical induction. It's not just about memorizing formulas; it's about understanding the underlying logic and applying it confidently in problem-solving.
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