NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths, Chapter 12 - Ratio And Proportion

In our daily life, many a time we compare two quantities of the same type. For comparing quantities of the same type, we commonly use the method of taking the difference between the quantities. In many situations, a more meaningful comparison between quantities is made by using division, i.e. by seeing how many times one quantity is to the other quantity.

In NCERT Maths Book Class 6, Chapter 12 Solutions, as you progress through the chapter you will learn ratio and proportion. At the beginning of the chapter, you will be introduced with the basic concepts. Further, with the help of several examples, you will learn the ratio and proportions. As you move further in this chapter you will learn the unitary method which will help you in understanding the concept of ratio and proportions better.

Let’s take a look at topics and sub-topics of Class 6 Maths Chapter 12, Ratio And Proportion

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Ratio

12.3 Proportion

12.4 The Unitary Method

In Class 6 Maths NCERT Solutions Chapter 12, you will learn – 

Section 12.2 – In this section, you will study ratio.  Comparison between quantities is made by using division, i.e. by seeing how many times one quantity is to the other quantity. This method is known as comparison by ratio. For example, Isha’s weight is 25 kg and her father’s weight is 75 kg. We say that Isha’s father’s weight and Isha’s weight are in the ratio 3:1. For comparison by ratio, the two quantities must be in the same unit. If they are not, they should be expressed in the same unit before the ratio is taken. The same ratio may occur in different situations. Note that the ratio 3:2 is different from 2:3. Thus, the order in which quantities are taken to express their ratio is important. A ratio may be treated as a fraction, thus the ratio 10:3 may be treated as 10/3. Two ratios are equivalent if the fractions corresponding to them are equivalent. Thus, 3:2 is equivalent to 6:4 or 12:8. A ratio can be expressed in its lowest form. For example, ratio 50:15 is treated as 50/15; in its lowest form 50/15 = 10/3. Hence, the lowest form of ratio 50:15 is 10:3

Section 12.3 – This section will teach you proportions. If two ratios are equal, we say that they are in proportion and use the symbol ‘::’ or ‘=’ to equate the two ratios. Four quantities are said to be in proportion if- the ratio of the first and the second quantities is equal to the ratio of the third and the fourth quantities. Thus, 3, 10, 15, 50 are in proportion, since 3/10 = 15/50 = We indicate the proportion by 3:10 :: 15:50, it is read as 3 is to 10 as 15 is to 50. In the above proportion, 3 and 50 are the extreme terms and 10 and 15 are the middle terms. The order of terms in the proportion is important. 3, 10, 15 and 50 are in proportion, but 3, 10, 50 and 15 are not, since 3/10 is not equal to 50/15.

Section 12.4 – Towards the end of this chapter, you will learn about the unitary method. The method in which we first find the value of one unit and then the value of the required number of units is known as the unitary method. Suppose the cost of 6 cans is Rs 210. To find the cost of 4 cans, using the unitary method, we first find the cost of 1 can. It is Rs 210/6 or Rs 35. From this, we find the price of 4 cans as Rs 35 × 4 or Rs 140. As you move further in this section you will see some interesting examples to learn the concept of the unitary method.

In this chapter, you are provided with several examples along with their solutions for a clear understanding of ratio and proportions. To know more about NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Ratio And Proportions, you should explore the exercises below. You can also download the ratio and proportions Class 6 NCERT Solutions PDF, solved by expert maths trainers. You can also refer online to Class 6 Maths Chapter 12 Worksheet PDF.