What are the control statements in C language?

Control statements in C language are used to control the flow of execution within a program. They include conditional statements like if, else if, and else, which enable the program to make decisions based on certain conditions. Looping statements such as for, while, and do-while allow the program to execute a block of code repeatedly until a specified condition is met. Additionally, there are control transfer statements like break, continue, and return that alter the normal flow of control within loops and functions. These statements are essential for implementing algorithms, making decisions, and controlling the iteration of code execution, thus enhancing the flexibility and functionality of C programs. Understanding and effectively using control statements is fundamental for writing efficient and structured C code.

Control statements in C are constructs that allow the program to make decisions and control the flow of execution based on certain conditions. The primary control statements in C include if-else statements, switch statements, and loops such as for, while, and do-while. The if-else statement is used for decision-making, where a block of code is executed if a given condition is true, and an alternative block is executed if the condition is false. This provides a mechanism for implementing branching logic in a program.

Switch statements are used when multiple conditions need to be checked against a single variable, offering a more concise way to express multiple if-else conditions. Loops are essential for repetitive execution of a block of code. The for loop is typically used when the number of iterations is known in advance, while the while and do-while loops are employed when the condition for continuation is evaluated dynamically during runtime. These control statements collectively enable programmers to design algorithms and control the logical flow of their programs efficiently. Understanding how to use these constructs is fundamental for writing structured and functional C programs.

Conditional Statements:

if: Executes a block of code if a specified condition is true.

else: Specifies a block of code to be executed if the condition in the if statement is false.

else if: Used to specify multiple conditions to be tested in sequence.

Switch Statement:

switch: Allows a variable to be tested for equality against a list of values.

Looping Statements:

for: Executes a block of code repeatedly for a specified number of times.

while: Repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a specified condition is true.

do-while: Similar to while loop but ensures that the block of code is executed at least once.

Jump Statements:

break: Terminates the execution of a loop or switch statement.

continue: Skips the rest of the loop's code for the current iteration and proceeds to the next iteration.

goto: Transfers control to a labeled statement in the code