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i. It is important to understand that the CLR is an execution environment for .NET applications and that includes applications written in C#, F#, VB.Net and other languages that target the .Net Framework.
ii. It is the CLR that is responsible for bringing your application to life and managing it while it executes, and it's also the CLR's job to remove your application from memory when it's finished executing or if it has an unrecoverable error.
iii. And here some of the services that the CLR provides when it's managing your application.
iv. One is memory management. The CLR is actively tracking all of the memory that your program uses to do work, and it knows when your program is finished with memory, so it will clean things up and allow your program to continue to have enough memory as it runs.
v. The CLR also virtualizes your execution environment, so for the most part you do not need to worry about what version of the operating system that your application is executing on, you don't need to worry about the specific CPU that is installed on the machine, whether that CPU is 32-bit or 64-bit, or how many cores are present, or what instruction set is available. The CLR will take care of all those things and make sure that your application will execute correctly.
vi. The CLR was also designed to support multiple languages. You can write programs in C#, but you can also write .NET programs in Visual Basic or F#. In fact, there are many different languages you can use to write .NET applications, and all those applications will be managed by the same CLR.
vii. The CLR also provides code access security so that the relevant section of the code can access the memory and data they are supposed to access and no un-authorized access to memory by other application domains occurs.
viii. CLR also ensures Type Safety.
ix. The CLR is available for every version of Windows since Windows XP.
x. There's also a CLR for mobile phones like Windows Phone 8 and a new version of the CLR, the CoreCLR, will even run on non-Windows machines, like MacBook's running OS X and Linux machines.
